Oxymetazoline
A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion .
Mechanism of effect
Oxymetazoline is a direct acting sympathomimetic amine, which acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and nasal mucosa. It produces vasoconstriction, resulting in decreased conjunctival congestion in ophthalmic. In nasal it produces constriction, resulting in decreased blood flow and decreased nasal congestion.
Pharmacodynamic
Oxymetazoline an adrenergic alpha-agonist, direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion The sympathomimetic action of oxymetazoline constricts the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages, producing a prolonged (up to 12 hours), gentle and decongesting effect.
Oxymetazoline elicits relief of conjunctival hyperemia by causing vasoconstriction of superficial conjunctival blood vessels. The drug's action has been demonstrated in acute allergic conjunctivitis and in chemical (chloride) conjunctivitis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset of Action: Within 10 minutes
Duration of Action: Up to 12 hours
Absorption, Volume of distribution, Protein binding, Metabolism, Route of elimination: Data Not Available.
Drug indications
For treatment of nasal congestion and redness associated with minor irritations of the eyeDosage
Usual Adult Dose for Nasal Congestion:
2 or 3 sprays in each nostril not more often than every 10 to 12 hours
Usual Pediatric Dose for Nasal Congestion: (6 years or older)
2 or 3 sprays in each nostril not more often than every 10 to 12 hours
Drug contraindications
In self-medication, do not use more than 3 daysSide effects
Headache , Blurred vision , vertigo , asthenia , Hypertension , Tremor , difficulty urinating , lightheadedness , trouble in sleeping , Fast or irregular heartbeat , Rhinorrhea , nervousness , stuffy nose , Burning, dryness, or stinging inside of nose , sneezingAlerts
Related to adverse effects:
• Local nasal effects: Temporary discomfort such as burning, stinging, sneezing, or an increased nasal discharge may occur.
• Rebound nasal congestion: Frequent or prolonged use may cause nasal congestion to recur or worsen.
Related to disease:
• Cardiovascular disease: Use with caution in patients with hypertension or heart disease.
• Diabetes: Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus.
• Thyroid disease: Use with caution in patients with thyroid disease.
• Prostatic hyperplasia/urinary obstruction: Use with caution in patients with prostatic hyperplasia and/or GU obstruction.
Points of recommendation
-To spray, the bottle should be squeezed quickly and firmly.
-The head should not be tilted backward while spraying.
-The nozzle should be wiped clean after use.
-The cap should be replaced tightly to maintain child resistance.
-Use of the container by more than one person may spread infection.
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