Drug information of Sevoflurane

Mechanism of effect

Volatile liquid general anesthetic; may alter activity of neuronal ion channels, especially the fast synaptic neurotransmitter receptors including nicotinic acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate receptors.

Pharmacodynamic

Sevoflurane is an ether inhalation general anaesthetic agent with lower solubility in blood than isoflurane or halothane but not desflurane. And it is CNS depressant. And it causes unconsciousness.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset: 2-3 min

Duration: Depends on blood concentration

Metabolism: Liver (3-5%); CYP2E1

Excretion: Respiratory exhaled gases

Dosage

• month full term neonate : 3.3% in oxygen
• months : 3% in oxygen
• 6 months to <3 years : 2.8% in oxygen or 2 % with 65% N2O/35% oxygen
• 3-12 years : 2.5% in oxygen or 2.5 % with 65% N2O/35% oxygen
• 12-25 years : 2.6% in oxygen or 1.4% with 65% N2O/35% oxygen
• 25-40 years : 2.1% in oxygen or 1.1% with 65% N2O/35% oxygen
• 40-60 years: 1.7% in oxygen or 0.9% with 65% N2O/35% oxygen
• 60-80 years : 1.4% in oxygen or 0.7% with 65% N2O/35% oxygen

Drug contraindications

hypersensitivity to this drug

Side effects

nausea , vomiting , difficulty urinating

Interactions

Expectorant , Amiodarone , Papaverine , Thioridazine , Citalopram , Cisapride , Fingolimod , Clozapine , Anagrelide , Efavirenz , fentanyl , Sodium Oxybate , Diethylpropion , Dolasetron , vandetanib , sparfloxacin , Mefloquine , Dofetilide , lisdexamfetamine , Doxapram , Xylometazoline , acrivastine+pseudoephedrine , Halofantrine , Grepafloxacin , Acetaminophen and benzhydrocodone , Bepridil , bedaquiline

Alerts

Patients should be used with caution in cases of familial paralysis, muscular dystrophy, myasthenic gravis, myasthenic syndrome and other muscular disorders with muscle weakness, stroke, increased intracranial pressure, liver or kidney impairment.

The drug should be used by an anesthetist and the necessary equipment for maintaining respiration should be available and during the use of this drug

The respiration and ventilation situation should be controlled.

Points of recommendation

When using this medication, blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, heart rhythm, oxygen levels and patient's respiratory state should be monitored.

Due to psycho-motor disorders until 24 hours after anesthesia, the patient should be avoided the actions that needs the attention and consciousness.

Alcohol or CNS depressant should be avoided until 24 hours after anesthesia.

Pregnancy level

B

Related drugs

Isoflurane , Desflurane , Enflurane , Methohexital , Nitrous oxide