Drug information of Clomipramine

Mechanism of effect

The actual neurochemical mechanism is unknown, but CMI's capacity to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) is thought to be important.

Pharmacodynamic

Clomipramine (CMI) is presumed to influence obsessive and compulsive behaviors through its effects on serotonergic neuronal transmission.

Pharmacokinetics

Well absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration. Bioavailability is approximately 50% orally due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is not affected by food. Peak plasma concentrations occurred 2-6 hours following oral administration of a single 50 mg dose. Clomipramine is approximately 97-98% bound to plasma proteins, principally to albumin and possibly to α1-acid glycoprotein. Extensively metabolized in the liver. Route of elimination:Urine (51-60%) and feces via biliary elimination (24-32%) the average elimination half-life of clomipramine was 32 hours

Drug indications

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Dosage

Usual Adult Dose for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day at bedtime Maintenance dose: 100 mg orally per day Maximum dose: 250 mg per day Usual Pediatric Dose for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 10 to 17 years: Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day at bedtime Maintenance dose: May increase to 3 mg/kg or 100 mg orally per day, whichever is the smaller dose Maximum dose: 3 mg/kg/day or 200 mg orally per day, whichever is the smaller dose

Drug contraindications

hypersensitivity to drug or its components. , Concomitant with MAOIs , Myocardial infarction

Side effects

nausea , dry mouth , constipation , dizziness , dyspepsia , impotence , anorexia , somnolence , Weight increase , sweating , decreased libido , Abnormal ejaculation , Visual abnormalities , increased appetite

Interactions

Ergotamine-C , Acetylcholine , Expectorant , Ipratropium bromide , Pimozide , Tamsulosin , Trazodone , Tranylcypromine , Dobutamine , Zolpidem , Salbutamol , Sibutramine , Cetirizine , Cisapride , Fluvoxamine , Fluoxetine , Galantamine , Moclobemide , Venlafaxine , Carbamazepine , Clozapine , Clonidine , Bisoprolol , Cyclobenzaprine , potassium citrate , Sodium Oxybate , Toremifene , Tapentadol , safinamide , methylene blue , teriflunomide , rasagiline , Diethylpropion , Zileuton , Dolasetron , Palonosetron , vandetanib , Droperidol , sparfloxacin , Procainamide , Mefloquine , Indapamide , Dofetilide , lisdexamfetamine , Peginterferon alfa-2b , Lorcaserin , pilocarpine oral , Arsenic trioxide , Desvenlafaxine , Xylometazoline , Propylhexedrine , Milnacipran , acrivastine+pseudoephedrine , Halofantrine , Grepafloxacin , Dexfenfluramine , chlorcyclizine + phenylephrine , Huperzine A , Arformoterol , Benzphetamine , Ramucirumab , Metaxalone , Estazolam , Levomilnacipran , glycopyrrolate topical , 5-hydroxytryptophan , tropisetron , Bepridil , bedaquiline , Cannabidiol , vemurafenib , vorapaxar , Netupitant

Alerts

1-Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. 2-It should be noted that clomipramine hydrochloride is not approved for use in treating bipolar depression 3-The pupillary dilation that occurs following use of many antidepressant drugs including clomipramine may trigger an angle closure attack in a patient with anatomically narrow angles who does not have a patent iridectomy 4-As with closely related tricyclic antidepressants, clomipramine should be used with caution in the following:Hyperthyroid,increased intraocular pressure, a history of narrow-angle glaucoma, or urinary retention, ,tumors of the adrenal medulla (e.g., pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma),significantly impaired renal function.

Points of recommendation

1-Prior to elective surgery with general anesthetics, therapy with clomipramine should be discontinued for as long as is clinically feasible, and the anesthetist should be advised. 2-Caution is indicated in treating patients with known liver disease, and periodic monitoring of hepatic enzyme levels is recommended in such patients. 3-Sexual Dysfunctio and Weight Changes may occure 4-A variety of withdrawal symptoms have been reported in association with abrupt discontinuation of clomipramine, including dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, malaise, sleep disturbance, hyperthermia, and irritability

Pregnancy level

C

Related drugs

Doxepin , Amoxapine